Yayoi Kusama came top of the chart for female artists with works selling for $65.6m (£48.9m). She was 13th highest-seller overall.
Following her, the top-selling women were Louise Bourgeois, Joan Mitchell, Agnes Martin and Barbara Hepworth, all dead 20th century artists. Kusama is 89. Together they accounted for $263m (£175m) of a $3.5bn (£2.6bn) total.
Leonardo da Vinci was at the top of the ranking thanks to the $450m (£337m) sale of Salvator Mundi in New York last November. He was followed by Jean Michel Basquiat, Andy Warhol, Cy Twombly and Roy Lichtenstein.