The 1908 fire insurance map by George and Walter Bromley comprises 38 individually framed sheets and was offered for $250,000.
The identity of the buyer has not been revealed, but it will be staying in New York.
This map includes outlines of buildings, street names, sidewalk widths, number of storeys, basements and natural features such as rivers and a large rectangular green area, the Central Park.
It also shows the composition of buildings by listing materials such as brick, stone, iron and wood in their descriptions.
Daniel Crouch said: “The map is not only a fascinating and important document from the end of ‘the gilded age’, but also demonstrates how maps can be displayed in interior spaces to make bold and arresting design statements.”